指导性案例235号：概要
2025-01-15
Image: George Hodan, Judge Gavel (Publicdomainpictures.net)
2024年11月，中国最高人民法院发布了指导性案例235号，以说明其承认和执行外国判决的新主动方式。Read more
Guiding Case No. 235: Summary
2025-01-15
Image: George Hodan, Judge Gavel (Publicdomainpictures.net)
In November 2024, China’s Supreme People’s Court released Guiding Case No. 235 to illustrate its new, proactive approach to recognizing and enforcing foreign judgments.Read more
中国承认和执行外国判决的新主动方式
2024-12-31
Image: George Hodan, Royal Courts of Justice (Publicdomainpictures.net)
中国《外国国家豁免法》于 2024 年初生效，这引发了各方担忧中国司法机构会如何使外国国家受制于中国法律体系，因为该法代表着中国从容许外国国家在中国法院享有“绝对豁免”过渡到将豁免限制于某些类型的诉讼。正值担忧之际，最高人民法院刚刚发布了一起指导性案例，以说明其承认和执行外国判决的新主动方式。此方式不仅可以让各方对中国司法机构更加乐观，还可以通过外国当事人对中国承认和执行外国判决的意愿的信心提升，增强中国法院帮助该国在 2025 年及以后振兴经济的能力。Read more
China’s NEW Proactive Approach to Enforcing Foreign Judgments
2024-12-31
Image: George Hodan, Royal Courts of Justice (Publicdomainpictures.net)
The coming into effect of China’s Foreign State Immunity Law at the beginning of 2024 has sparked concerns about how the Chinese judiciary will subject foreign states to the Chinese legal system because the law represents China’s transition from affording foreign states “absolute immunity” in Chinese courts to restricting the immunity to certain types of lawsuits. Amidst these concerns, the Supreme People’s Court just released a Guiding Case to illustrate its new, proactive approach to recognizing and enforcing foreign judgments. This approach not only evokes more optimism about the Chinese judiciary, but also increases the capacity of Chinese courts to help China revive its economy in 2025 and beyond by increasing the confidence of foreign parties in China’s willingness to recognize and enforce foreign judgments.Read more
中国在金砖国家推广基于案例的法律推理
2024-06-26
Images: George Hodan, Judge Gavel;
Maliz Ong, Black and White Brick Wall (Publicdomainpictures.net)
2018年，我与两位作者合著了一篇题为《案例文化在中国内外的传播》。我们分析了当时中国最高人民法院已发布的 96 个指导性案例（即：事实上具有约束力的案例）是如何在全国各地法院判决的 1,281 起后续案件中被引用的。我们得出了此结论：“指导性案例的初步成功似乎为中国案例文化的传播提供了肥沃的土壤，而鉴于中国渴望增加其在世界各地的影响，中国案例文化可能有机会在其他地方传播。6月中旬，一个机会出现了，让中国可以在金砖国家推广以案例为基础的法律推理文化。Read more
China’s Promotion of Case-Based Legal Reasoning in the BRICS
2024-06-26
Images: George Hodan, Judge Gavel;
Maliz Ong, Black and White Brick Wall (Publicdomainpictures.net)
In 2018, I co-authored an article titled Propagation of a Case Culture in China and Potentially Beyond. Based on an analysis of how 96 Guiding Cases, de facto binding cases released by China’s Supreme People’s Court available at the time, had been referenced in 1,281 subsequent cases decided by courts across the country, my co-authors and I drew this conclusion: “the preliminary success of [Guiding Cases] seems to have provided fertile ground for the propagation of a case culture in China and, given the country’s eagerness to increase its presence around the world, this culture may have a chance to be propagated elsewhere.” Just such an opportunity for China to propagate a culture of applying case-based legal reasoning in the BRICS arose in mid-June.Read more
一起商标案例如何帮助阐明中国新的专利规则
2024-01-31
Image: Anthony Nava, Blue, Red, and Green Gears (Publicdomainpictures.net)
中国从2月5日起降低所有银行的存款准备金率的措施会让更多现金注入银行体系，从而有助于重振经济。另一项可能有助于改善中国经济但似乎很少引起法律界以外的关注的措施是中国发布了新修订的专利法实施细则。如果有效实施，这些新修订的规则有可能加强中国的专利保护机制，使中国对外国投资者而言更具吸引力。Read more
How a Trademark Case Helps Illuminate China’s NEW Patent Rules
2024-01-31
Image: Anthony Nava, Blue, Red, and Green Gears (Publicdomainpictures.net)
China’s reduction of the reserve requirement ratio for all banks beginning from February 5 is expected to help revive the economy by injecting more cash into the banking system. Another measure that is likely to help improve China’s economy but seems to have drawn little attention outside the legal community is the release of a set of revised rules to implement China’s Patent Law. If applied effectively, these revised rules have the potential to strengthen China’s patent protection mechanism, making the country more appealing to foreign investors.Read more
中国法院对食品安全指导性案例的不一致应用
2023-11-29
Image: George Hodan, Food Labels (Publicdomainpictures.net)
最高人民法院建立了一个令人印象深刻的框架来促进指导性案例的使用，但该法院尚未就如何处理中国法院对指导性案例的不一致应用给予明确的指导。本文作者首先分析中国几个重要法院如何不一致地应用指导案例60号，然后讨论这种不一致可能导致的问题。作者最后提出了解决方案。Read more
Inconsistent Applications of a Guiding Case on Food Safety
2023-11-29
Image: George Hodan, Food Labels (Publicdomainpictures.net)
The Supreme People’s Court has established an impressive framework to facilitate the use of Guiding Cases but has not given clear guidance on how to handle inconsistent applications of a Guiding Case by Chinese courts. In this article, the authors analyze the inconsistent applications of Guiding Case No. 60 by several important courts in China, discuss potential problems associated with such inconsistency, and propose solutions to these problems.Read more
中国最高人民法院2022年的强劲终结让人对2023年感到乐观
2023-01-25
Image: Andrea Stöckel, New Year New Years Eve Sparkler, Publicdomainpictures.net
最高人民法院在2022年的最后几周发布了26个新的指导性案例（中国具有事实上约束力的先例），使全年发布的此类案例总数达到33个，追平了2019年所创的最高发布数量记录。2019 年前后发布的指导性案例的比较显示了积极的发展，并且如此文章所述，令人对2023年感到乐观。Read more
Chinese Top Court’s Strong 2022 Ending Gives Optimism for 2023
2023-01-25
Image: Andrea Stöckel, New Year New Years Eve Sparkler, Publicdomainpictures.net
The Supreme People’s Court’s issuance of 26 new Guiding Cases, China’s de facto binding precedents, during the last few weeks of 2022 brought the total number of these cases issued in the entire year to 33, a record-high number that has only been matched in 2019. A comparison of Guiding Cases released before and after 2019 shows positive developments and, as explained in this article, gives optimism for 2023.Read more
我在杭州会议上的主题演讲
2022-12-21
上周日，熊美英博士在中国浙江省杭州市举行的会议上发表题为《浙江、案例指导与中国全球经济发展》的主题演讲。这一演讲来得正及时，因为就在同一天，一位党领导到总部位于浙江的阿里巴巴进行调研。此次调研不仅标志着自两年前阿里巴巴面临监管调查以来的首次此类调研，而且发生在习近平主席主持中央经济工作会议仅两天后。该工作会议明确提到支持“平台企业”（例如阿里巴巴）“在引领发展、创造就业、国际竞争中大显身手”。Read more
My Keynote Speech at a Hangzhou Conference
2022-12-21
Last Sunday, Dr. Mei Gechlik delivered a keynote speech titled Zhejiang, Case Guidance, and China’s Global Economic Development at a conference held in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. The speech turned out to be timely as on the same day, a Chinese Communist Party leader visited Alibaba, the e-commerce giant headquartered in Zhejiang. The visit not only marked the first of this type since Alibaba faced serious regulatory investigations, but also occurred only two days after President Xi Jinping chaired the country’s economic working conference, at which China’s “platform enterprises” (e.g., Alibaba) were called upon to “show their talents in leading [the country’s] development, job creation, and international competition”.Read more
中国国际关系、法律改革与台湾
2022-11-23
Image: Dawn Hudson, Globe Watercolour, Publicdomainpictures.net
美国总统拜登最近与中国国家主席习近平的会晤缓和了两国之间日益紧张的局势，让人感到棘手的台湾问题在不久的将来不太可能引发冲突。这一发展符合台湾民众的主流立场。在1994年至2022年进行的调查中，大多数受访者表示希望看到台湾“维持现状再决定”或“永远维持现状”。这向北京领导人发出了什么信号？在此过渡期间可以做什么？Read more
China’s International Relations, Legal Reform, & Taiwan
2022-11-23
Image: Dawn Hudson, Globe Watercolour, Publicdomainpictures.net
U.S. President Joe Biden’s recent meeting with Chinese President XI Jinping has eased the growing tension between the two countries, giving rise to hope that the difficult Taiwan issue will be unlikely to trigger conflict in the near future. This development is in line with the mainstream stance taken by people in Taiwan. The majority of respondents to surveys conducted from 1994 to 2022 have expressed their wish to see Taiwan (a) maintain the status quo and then decide the future at a later date; or (b) maintain the status quo indefinitely. What does this signal to leaders in Beijing? What can be done in the interim?Read more
中美关系、气候变化和生物多样性的丧失
2022-06-15
Image: George Hodan, Tropical Sea Underwater With Corals (Publicdomainpictures.net)
美国国务卿安东尼·J·布林肯在其演讲中明确表示，中国是美国应对气候危机能力的“不可或缺”的一部分。他敦促中国与美国一起“加快”两国共同努力的“步伐”。拥有健康的原生植物和动物种群的生态系统有助于应对气候挑战。然而，许多生态系统受到生物多样性丧失的不利影响。中国如何应对这一丧失？Read more
U.S.–China Relations, Climate Change, and Biodiversity Loss
2022-06-15
Image: George Hodan, Tropical Sea Underwater With Corals (Publicdomainpictures.net)
In his recent speech, U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken clearly stated that China is “integral” to the United States’s ability to solve the climate crisis. He urged China to join the United States in “accelerating the pace” of their shared efforts. Ecosystems with healthy populations of native plants and animals help address climate challenges. Yet many ecosystems have been adversely affected by the loss of biodiversity. How does China tackle this loss?Read more
Guiding Case No. 177
2022-06-08
Image: Linnaea Mallette, Giant Clam Under The Sea, Publicdomainpictures.net
In December 2021, the Supreme People’s Court of China released Guiding Case No. 177. The Guiding Case illustrates how China performs its obligations under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora to protect marine biodiversity.Read more
